Figure 3.6. Taken from TM5-852- 4 Arctic and Subarctic Construction - Foundations for Structures, US Army & Air Force [8]

From

Adfreeze Forces on Lightly Loaded Pile Foundations of Solar PV Farms in Cold Regions

Kibriya T., Tahir L.

American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 2015, 3(4), 109-117 doi:10.12691/ajcea-3-4-1