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Comparison Between Serum S100A8/A9 and CA 15-3 in the Diagnosis of Breast Carcinoma
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Rifat Mahbuba Rob, Amit Kumar Pramanik, Sheuly Ferdoushi, Chitra Das, Debatosh Paul, Joysree Das Joya, Md. Saiful Islam, Mst. Shaila Yesmin
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International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2025 12 (1). doi: 10.12691/ijcdr-12-1-1
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Keywords: Breast Carcinoma, Serum S100A8/A9, Serum CA 15-3 , Benign Breast Tumour
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Context: Carcinoma of the breast is the most common public health concern in women globally. Early diagnosis of breast carcinoma reduces the disease burden. Serum S100A8/A9, a calcium-binding protein involved in tumorigenesis, may be a useful biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis, and this study investigated its comparison with CA15-3. This cross-sectional comparative study, conducted from March 2021 to February 2022, involved 74 clinically suspected cases of breast carcinoma at Department of Laboratory Medicine in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients were categorized into Group I (breast carcinoma) and Group II (benign breast tumor) based on histopathology reports. After informed consent, 5.0 ml of venous blood was collected for serum S100A8/A9 and CA 15-3 estimation, which were then serologically assessed using ELISA and chemiluminescence methods. This study found that breast carcinoma patients had statistically significant (P ≤ 0.001) higher mean levels of S100A8/A9 (7.14 ± 3.11 μg/mL) and CA 15-3 (50.73 ± 112.9 U/mL) compared to S100A8/A9 (4.14 ± 1.93 μg/mL) and for CA 15-3 (10.76 ± 3.43 U/mL) for benign breast tumour. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the optimal cut-off value for serum S100A8/A9 was 4.61, with a sensitivity of 78.4% and specificity of 70.3%, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.789. Similarly, the cut-off value for CA 15-3 was 11.85, with a sensitivity of 70.3% and specificity of 64.9%, and an AUC of 0.743. With significant levels of sensitivity and specificity, serum S100A8/A9 levels emerge as a valuable diagnostic tool for identifying breast carcinoma.
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