Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is an essential micronutrient that cannot be synthesized or stored by the human body, necessitating regular dietary intake to prevent deficiency-related conditions such as scurvy, which can be life-threatening. This review examines the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with vitamin C deficiency and evaluates current dietary reference intakes (DRIs), major dietary sources, and the role of supplementation in meeting physiological requirements. It also explores the physicochemical and molecular properties of vitamin C that affect its bioavailability, stability, and biological functions.
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