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Solanum aethiopicum Extract Used as Coagulant Affected Nutritional and Rheological Characteristics of Cheese

Valentin Désiré GUIAMA1, 2, Juliette KOUBE3, Esther NGAH2,, Robert Germain BEKA4, Jean Marcel BINDZI5

1Laboratory of Physical Education, Health and Sports Performance; University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

2Laboratory of Food Biochemistry and Technology, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

3Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Douala, Cameroon

4Laboratoire of Food Biophysics, Biochemistry and Nutrition, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

5Laboratory of Food Physico-chemistry, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon

American Journal of Food and Nutrition. 2021, 9(1), 31-42. DOI: 10.12691/ajfn-9-1-5
Received November 24, 2020; Revised December 28, 2020; Accepted January 11, 2021

Abstract

White cheeses made using extract from Solanum aethiopicum shum or calf rennet were compared for their microbiological, physicochemical, rheological, and sensory characteristics. Except Staphylococcus aureus which was higher in cheese manufactured with Solanum extract, the microbiological parameter values (coliforms, Lactobacillus spp, Listeria monocytogenes, yeasts/moulds, Escherichia coli, sulfito-reducer germs, Salmonella spp) were similar in all cheeses. In the same way, chemical parameter values (pH, ash, proteins, fats and sugar) were equivalent. Soluble nitrogen values were observed to be higher in the cheese made using Solanum extract than in the cheese made using calf rennet. The values for the non-protein nitrogen did not exhibit any difference according to the type of coagulant used. Textural profile showed different behaviour. However, cheese made with 1x Solanum (low quantity of extract) was close to calf rennet-based cheese. Such a trend was observed for the following parameters: cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness and adhesive strength. Cheese made with calf rennet was statistically harder than that made with Solanum extract. This hardness decreased with Solanum extract quantity. The values for sensory parameters did not show any difference between the 1x Solanum extract and calf rennet, excluding texture (hard, friability and soft). Therefore, the results suggest that Solanum extract might be used successfully to make cheese of acceptable nutritional quality.

Keywords:

Solanum aethiopicum extract, cheese, chemical constituents, hygiene, textural profile, sensory parameters
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