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From
Mathematical Modeling in Secondary Chemistry Education: Chromatography
Thomas Kraska
World Journal of Chemical Education
.
2020
, 8(3), 114-121 doi:10.12691/wjce-8-3-3
Fig
ure
1
. a) Setup of a stochastic board game for the diffusion along the x-coordinate. The numbers at the bottom represent the position; the numbers at the left side represent the numbers of the stones. b) Outcome of a specific game. At the top, the corresponding distribution is depicted
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
2.
Stochastic tree diagram for the probability reaching a position on the x-axis given by the number in the boxes. The tree is for four time steps t=4. Here p=1/2 is the probability to move in either direction at random. A corresponding empty worksheet is provided in the Supporting Information
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
3
. Probability distribution for the diffusion game for t=4. The x-axis is the position while i is the index of the binomial distribution (x=2i-t)
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
4
. Result of the diffusion simulation for n
A
=10
4
, n
run
=2·10
6
(red), p=1/2, and n
run
=8·10
6
(blue). The solid curves are the corresponding Gaussian distributions
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
5
. Initial state of the game board for the simulation of the Taylor dispersion-like approach. The numbers at the bottom are the x-position. The numbers at the left are the numbers of the stones. Here only movement in one direction is required
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
6
. Results after n
run
=2·10
6
steps for a Taylor dispersion-like simulation for n
A
=10
4
molecules
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
7
. Output of a simulation for two substances with the acceptance parameters n
acc,A
=1 (blue) and n
acc,
B
=4 (red). The mole fraction is x
A
=0.5, i.e. the peak areas are identical. The number of steps is n
run
=8·10
6
, the total number of molecules n
A
+n
B
=10
5
. From the simulation data we obtain
and
A code is provided in the Supporting information
Full size figure and legend
Fig
ure
8
. Simulated chromatogram of a lighter gas. (n
run
=2·10
6
steps; n
tot
=3·10
4
molecules). Retention time parameters and mole fractions are given in the text. 1: ethane; 2: propan; 3: methylpropane; 4: n-butane
Full size figure and legend