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From

An Attractive Way of Developing the Concept of Systematic Titration Error of Visual Acid-Base Titrations (on the Basis of Logarithmic Acid-Base Diagrams)

Francesco Salvatore, Maria Michela Salvatore

World Journal of Chemical Education. 2014, 2(1), 8-20 doi:10.12691/wjce-2-1-3
  • Figure 1. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of pure water at 25 °C. Line identified with label H represents log[H+] and line with label OH represents log[OH–] as functions of pH
  • Figure 2. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.100 M acetic acid, at 25°C. Curve with label CH3COOH represents log[CH3COOH] and curve with label CH3COO– represents log[CH3COO–] as a function of pH
  • Figure 3. Alkalimetric titration curve of 25.00 ml of a solution 0.100 M acetic acid with a standard 0.1000 M solution of NaOH
  • Figure 4. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.100 M hypochlorous acid (pKa = 7.53) at 25°C.
  • Figure 5. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.05 M HCl (or 0.05 M NaOH) at 25°C
  • Figure 6. Plot of the systematic titration error for StrongAcid ↔ StrongBase titrations calculated for = 50 ml and = 0.1000 M. symbolizes [[NaOH]] in alkalimetric titrations and [[HCl]] in acidimetric titrations
  • Figure 7. Schematic presentation of the Acid-Base properties of GlycineType amino acids
  • Figure 8. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.05 M Alanine, at 25 °C. Label HAla stands for the neutral amino acid
  • Figure 9. Schematic presentation of the Acid-Base properties of AsparticAcidType amino acids.
  • Figure 10. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.05 M Aspartic acid, at 25 °C. Label H2Asp stands for the neutral amino acid
  • Figure 11. Schematic presentation of the Acid-Base properties of LysineType amino acids
  • Figure 12. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.05 M Lysine, at 25 °C. Label HLys stands for the neutral amino acid
  • Figure 13. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram of 0.05 M carbonic acid, at 25°C. Curve representing carbonic acid (H2CO3) intersects curve representing bicarbonate (HCO3–) at pH = pKa1 = 6.35; bicarbonate curve and carbonate (CO32–) curve intersect at pH = pKa2 = 10.33
  • Figure 14. Logarithmic Acid-Base diagram representing the 0.1 M solution of a monoprotic acid (having pKa = 9.25) drawn in MS Excel