Fixed Points Results for Graphic Contraction on Closed Ball
1Department of Mathematics, International Islamic University, H-10, Islamabad - 44000, Pakistan
2Department of Mathematical Sciences, Lahore Leads University, Lahore - 54000, Pakistan
Abstract | |
1. | Introduction |
2. | Main Results |
3. | Fixed Point Results for Graphic Contractions |
Conflict of Interests | |
References |
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new class of ciric fixed point theorem of (α,ψ)-contractive mappings on a closed ball in complete metric space. As an application, we have derived some new fixed point theorems for ciric ψ-graphic contractions defined on a metric space endowed with a graph in metric space. Our results provide extension as well as substantial generalizations and improvements of several well known results in the existing comparable literature.
Keywords: fixed point, α-admissible, (α,ψ)-contraction, closed ball
Received June 02, 2016; Revised August 22, 2016; Accepted August 30, 2016
Copyright © 2016 Science and Education Publishing. All Rights Reserved.Cite this article:
- Aftab Hussain. Fixed Points Results for Graphic Contraction on Closed Ball. Turkish Journal of Analysis and Number Theory. Vol. 4, No. 4, 2016, pp 92-97. https://pubs.sciepub.com/tjant/4/4/2
- Hussain, Aftab. "Fixed Points Results for Graphic Contraction on Closed Ball." Turkish Journal of Analysis and Number Theory 4.4 (2016): 92-97.
- Hussain, A. (2016). Fixed Points Results for Graphic Contraction on Closed Ball. Turkish Journal of Analysis and Number Theory, 4(4), 92-97.
- Hussain, Aftab. "Fixed Points Results for Graphic Contraction on Closed Ball." Turkish Journal of Analysis and Number Theory 4, no. 4 (2016): 92-97.
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1. Introduction
In 2012, Samet et al. [18], introduced a concept of - contractive type mappings and established various fixed point theorems for mappings in complete metric spaces. Afterwards Karapinar and Samet [6], refined the notions and obtain various fixed point results. Hussain et al. [9], enlarged the concept of
-admissible mappings and obtained useful fixed point theorems. Subsequently, Abdeljawad [4] introduced pairs of
admissible mappings satisfying new sufficient contractive conditions different from [9] and [18], and proved fixed point and common fixed point theorems. Lately, Salimi et al. [17], modified the concept of
- contractive mappings and established fixed point results. Mohammadi et al. [7] introduced a new notion of
-contractive mappings and show that this is a real generalization for some old results. Arshad et al. [2] established fixed point results of a pair of contractive dominated mappings on a closed ball in an ordered complete dislocated metric space. Hussain et al. [8], introduced the concept of an
-admissible map with respect to
and modify the
-contractive condition for a pair of mappings and established common fixed point results for two, three, and four mappings in a closed ball in complete dislocated metric spaces. Over the years, fixed point theory has been generlized in multi-directions by several mathematicians(see [1-18][1]).
Let be a family of nondecreasing functions
such that
for each
.
Lemma 1. ([17]). If then
for all
.
Definition 2. ([18]). Let be a metric space. A mapping
is an
contractive mapping if there exist two functions
and
such that
![]() |
for all .
Definition 3. ([18]). Let and
. We say that
is
-admissible if
implies that
Example 4. Let and
an identity mapping on
Define
by
![]() |
Then is
admissible.
Definition 5. ([17]). Let and
two functions. We say that
is
-admissible mapping with respect to
if
implies that
If then above definition reduces to definition 3. If
then
is called an
-subadmissible mapping.
Definition 6. ([7]). Let and
by
![]() |
We say that is
-admissible. If
then
and so
This implies
Also
2. Main Results
We prove ciric fixed point results for contraction mappings on a closed ball in complete metric space.
Theorem 7. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping with respect to
. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (1) |
where
![]() |
and
![]() | (2) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
Proof. Let in
be such that
,
. Continuing this process, we construct a sequence
of points in
such that,
By assumption
and
is
-admissible mapping with respect to
we have
from which we deduce that
which also implies that
Continuing in this way we obtain
for all
First, we show that
for all
. Using inequality (2), we have,
![]() |
It follows that,
![]() |
Let for some
. Using inequality (1), we obtain,
![]() |
![]() |
So
![]() | (3) |
the case is impossible
![]() |
Which is a contradiction. Otherwise, in other case
![]() |
Thus we have,
![]() | (4) |
Now,
![]() |
Thus Hence
for all
. Now inequality
can be written as
![]() | (5) |
Fix and let
such that
Let
with
Then, by the triangle inequality, we have
![]() |
Hence is a Cauchy sequence in
. As every closed ball in a complete metric space is complete, so there exists
such that
Also
![]() | (6) |
So by given assumption from (ii), we have for all
Now from (1), we obtain
![]() | (7) |
where
![]() |
If then
for every
Thus
![]() | (8) |
which on taking limit as gives
![]() |
Hence The result follows.
Example 8. Let with metric on
defined by
Let
be defined by,
![]() |
Consider and
![]() |
Now then
![]() |
![]() |
Also if then
![]() |
Then the contractive condition does not hold on Also if,
then
![]() |
If in the Theorem 7, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 9. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (9) |
where
![]() |
and
![]() | (10) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
If in the Theorem 7, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 10. Let be a complete metric space and
is
-subadmissible mapping. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (11) |
where
![]() |
and
![]() | (12) |
If following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
Corollary 11. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping with respect to
. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (13) |
where
![]() |
and
![]() | (14) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
If in the corollary 11, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 12. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (15) |
where
![]() |
and
![]() | (16) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
If in the corollary 11, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 13. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (17) |
and
![]() | (18) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
If in the corollary 11, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 14. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (19) |
and
![]() | (20) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
If , we obtain the following corollary.
Corollary 15. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping with respect to
. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (21) |
and
![]() | (22) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
If in the corollary 11, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 16. Let be a complete metric space and
is
admissible mapping. For
,
and
, assume that,
![]() | (23) |
and
![]() | (24) |
Suppose that the following assertions hold:
•
• for any sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
then
for all
.
Then, there exists a point in
such that
3. Fixed Point Results for Graphic Contractions
Consistent with Jachymski [13], let be a metric space and
denotes the diagonal of the Cartesian product
. Consider a directed graph
such that the set
of its vertices coincides with
, and the set
of its edges contains all loops, i.e.,
. We assume
has no parallel edges, so we can identify
with the pair
. Moreover, we may treat
as a weighted graph (see [13]) by assigning to each edge the distance between its vertices. If
and
are vertices in a graph
, then a path in
from
to
of length
is a sequence
of
vertices such that
and
for
A graph
is connected if there is a path between any two vertices.
is weakly connected if
is connected(see for details [1, 5, 12, 13]).
Definition 17. ([13]). We say that a mapping is a Banach
-contraction or simply
-contraction if
preserves edges of
, i.e.,
![]() |
and decreases weights of edges of
in the following way:
![]() |
Now we extend concept of -contraction as follows.
Definition 18. Let be a metric space endowed with a graph
and
be self-mappings. Assume that for
,
and
, following conditions hold,
![]() |
![]() |
where
![]() |
Then the mappings is called ciric
-graphic contractive mappings. If
for some
, then we say
is
-contractive mappings.
Definition 19. Let be a metric space endowed with a graph
and
be self-mappings. Assume that for
,
and
, following conditions hold,
![]() |
![]() |
where
![]() |
Then the mappings is called ciric
-graphic contractive mappings. If
for some
, then we say
is
-contractive mappings.
Theorem 20. Let be a complete metric space endowed with a graph
and
be ciric
-graphic contractive mappings and
. Suppose that the following assertions hold:
• and
for all
;
• if is a sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
, then
for all
.
Then has a fixed point.
Proof. Define, by
![]() |
First we prove that the mapping is
-admissible. Let
with
, then
. As
is ciric
-graphic contractive mappings, we have,
. That is,
Thus
is
-admissible mapping. From (i) there exists
such that
. That is,
If
with
, then
. Now, since
is ciric
-graphic contractive mapping, so
That is,
![]() |
Let with
as
and
for all
. Then,
for all
and
as
. So by (ii) we have,
for all
. That is,
Hence, all conditions of Corollary 9 are satisfied and
has a fixed point.
Corollary 21. Let be a complete metric space endowed with a graph
and and
be a mapping. Suppose that the following assertions hold:
• is Banach
-contraction on
;
• and
;
• if is a sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
, then
for all
.
Then has a fixed point.
Corollary 22. Let be a complete metric space endowed with a graph
and and
be a mapping. Suppose that the following assertions hold:
• is Banach
-contraction on
and there is
such that
;
• if is a sequence in
such that
for all
and
as
, then
for all
.
Then has a fixed point.
Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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