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1.

Biochemical Study and Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Solanum torvum (Swartz) Fruits Used as Fruiting Vegetables in Togo Mamatchi Melila, Bayi Reine Dossou, Kodjo Djidjolé Etse, Firmin Sika, Koffi Batchazi, Essodjolon Kanabiya, Laurance Adjo Amegah, Koffi Gilbert Lakpo, Koami Ameyran, Kou’Santa Amouzou Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2021 9 (11). doi: 10.12691/jfnr-9-11-4 Keywords: Solanum torvum, fruits, Biochemical composition , nutritional value, Togo Context: The fruits of Solanum torvum are used as fruiting vegetables and in traditional medicine in Togo, to treat anemia and several infectious diseases. However, no study has been conducted on its nutritional potential in Togo. The present study aims to valorize this species through its biochemical compounds in the interest of food security. The contents of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, mineral salts and vitamin C of the fruits of Solanum torvum have been thus evaluated by the usual methods of AOAC. The contents in biochemical compounds have been of 71.42 ± 0.52% for total carbohydrates, 16.49 ± 0.47% for proteins, 7.71 ± 0.19% for lipids, 4.65 ± 0.46% for ash, 2.44 ± 0.36% for vitamin C and 421 ± 2.01% for metabolizable energy. The spectrophotometric analyses revealed the presence of minerals such as Na, Ca, Mg, K, P, Zn and Fe at interesting levels with Na/K ˂ 1, Ca/P > 1 and Ca/Mg > 1 in the analyzed Solanum torvum fruits. The results thus indicated that the fruits of S. torvum have an appreciable nutritional value similar to that of vegetables and legumes that enter the human diet daily. These fruits would thus contribute to the fight against nutrient deficiencies. The valorization of this pharmaco-nutritional plant in human food is therefore of interest. Abstract Full Text (PDF) [Epub] Full Text (HTML)

2.

Impact of Different Radiation Schemes on the Prediction of Extreme Cold Weather Events over Bangladesh Gazi Mamunar Rashid, M. M. Touhid Hossain, Md. Abdullah Elias Akhter, M. A. K. Mallik American Journal of Marine Science. 2022 10 (1). doi: 10.12691/marine-10-1-2 Keywords: plantain, physical, local cultivars, Biochemical composition , boiling Context: A cold wave is a weather phenomenon that is distinguished by marked cooling of the air, or with the invasion of very cold air, over a large area. In the present study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was tested through 30 different combinations of radiation parameterization schemes to simulate the regional climate over the Bangladesh. The objective was to investigate the response to the radiation parameters schemes for dynamic down-scaling of climatic variables. The temperature from the 30 different WRF setups were compared with the BMD observed data and were found sensitive to the radiation physics. The 30 combination of radiation physics along with the fixed WRF Single-moment 3-class microphysics, Kain-Fritiches cumulus physics, Noah Land Surface Physics and YSU planetary boundary-layer physics produced comparable results for 02 to 05 January 2019, 15 to 18 January 2019, 02 to 05 February 2019 and 28 to 31 December 2019. Having analyzed the simulation results using the different radiation physics schemes on the basis of RMSE at 2-meter air temperature at 34 stations over Bangladesh, we conclude that the New Goddard for long wave and Dudhia for short wave schemes combination (2.140764) is the most appropriate to simulate in the winter Extreme temperature. Then the selected combinations of WRF parameterizations were used to downscale the Extreme cold weather events, which showed good agreement with the reference data. The suggested WRF parameters from this study could be utilized for regional climate modeling of Bangladesh. Abstract Full Text (PDF) [Epub] Full Text (HTML)

3.

Evaluation of the Fatty Acid Composition of Earthworm Eisenia andrei Meal as an Alternative Lipid Source for Fish Feed Fernando Isea-León, Vanessa Acosta-Balbás, Leandra Beatriz Rial-Betancoutd, Ana Luisa Medina-Gallardo, Ble Mélécony Célestin Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2019 7 (10). doi: 10.12691/jfnr-7-10-2 Keywords: earthworm, Biochemical composition , fish feed, PUFA, nutritional value Context: This study propose to evaluate the fatty acid composition of the earthworm Eisenia andrei as an alternative lipid source for fish feed. Methods: The analytical composition of moisture, protein, lipids, ash and non-nitrogenous extract of earthworm meal Eisenia andrei and fishmeal was initially determined. Subsequently, the fatty acid contents of the lipids of these two ingredients were determined by gas chromatography. Results: Significant differences were found in the content of group ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA), with higher value (19.85 %) in the earthworm flour vs. 13,29% in fish meal, specifically the group of C14 PUFA, C16:2 n-4; C18: 2 n-6; C18: 3 n-6; C20:2 n-6; C20:3 n-6 and n-6 C20:4. The content of ω-3 fatty acids, mainly C20:5 n-3 and n-3 C22:6 is also important in the earthworn flour. Conclusions: the flour of E. Andrei could be recommended as a source of protein and lipid in fish feed because of its high protein and PUFA content. Abstract Full Text (PDF) [Epub] Full Text (HTML)

4.

Physical, Biochemical, and Mineral Characterization of Wine Produced from Cashew Apple Enriched with Hibiscus sabdariffa Calyxes Esaie Willy Koui, Doudjo Soro, Edith Pascale Agbo, Gerardin Asengo Mabia, Nogbou Emmanuel Assidjo, Kouassi Benjamin Yao Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2024 12 (10). doi: 10.12691/jfnr-12-10-3 Keywords: Cashew apple wine, Biochemical composition , Hibiscus sabdariffa, nutritional potential Context: In Côte d'Ivoire, most cashew apples remain unprocessed due to their astringency and certain taboos. These taboos suggest that consuming cashew apples with milk is considered incompatible. This study aims to characterize cashew apple wine enriched with Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes. Three formulations incorporating Hibiscus calyxes were assessed for their physical, biochemical, and mineral composition. Color intensity analysis using a spectrometer revealed that wine formulations 1 and 2 exhibited superior color intensity at 6.109 and 6.531 nm, with polyphenolic compound content ranging from 0.940 ± 0.086 to 1.06 ± 0.529 g EAG.L-1. Antioxidant activity, as determined by ABTS inhibition rate, ranged from 31.86% to 38.42%. Inductively coupled plasma analysis indicated a variety of minerals, with potassium (2548.494 to 2962.914 mg/L), sodium (1153.265 to 1260.049 mg/L), and calcium (1649.299 to 1749.172 mg/L) being the most abundant. No heavy metals, such as lead or cadmium, were detected. The resulting cashew apple wine formulations exhibited a diverse nutritional profile. Abstract Full Text (PDF) [Epub] Full Text (HTML)

5.

Comparative Study of the Nutritional Value of Unripe and Ripe Arils of Blighia sapida (K. D. KOENIG) Mamatchi Mélila, Novignon Ezi, Kosi Mawuéna Novidzro, Essodjolon Kanabiya, Kwami Kolor, Gnimdou Abli, Kokouvi Dotse, Kossi Honoré Koumaglo Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2021 9 (11). doi: 10.12691/jfnr-9-11-5 Keywords: Blighia sapida, Unripe and ripe arils, Biochemical composition , Nutritional value Context: B. sapida arils are of great socio-economic importance in West Africa due to their food uses. Several studies have focused on mature arils but few studies have focused on immature ones. The objective of this work was to assess the nutritional potential of mature and immature arils of these species. The arils were collected in Kara (Northern-Togo) and in Lomé (Southern-Togo). The organic substances contained in the arils were determined according to the methods of AOAC while the minerals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry for sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium and by molecular absorption spectrophotometry for phosphorus. The main results showed that the mature and immature arils of B. sapida contain alkaloids, tannins, reducing compounds and carbohydrates and are a good source of proteins, fats, carbohydrates and minerals. Furthermore, immature arils showed a better dietary fiber content compared to mature arils. The metabolisable energy of the two types of arils were 526.78 ± 39.87 and 615.95 ± 33.90 Kcal/100 g of dry matter, respectively for the unripe arils and the ripe ones. All these results show that these arils have an appreciable nutritional value and can contribute to food safety. This justifies their food uses. Abstract Full Text (PDF) [Epub] Full Text (HTML)

6.

Agromorphological, Chemical and Biochemical Characterization of Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbitaceae) Morphotypes Cultivated in Cameroon Mbogne Taboula Judith, Youmbi Emmanuel, Ibouraïman Balogoun, Ntsomboh Ntsefong Godswill Research in Plant Sciences. 2015 3 (1). doi: 10.12691/plant-3-1-3 Keywords: Pumpkin, characterization, prospection, morphotypes, Cucurbita spp. Biochemical composition Context: This study was aimed at evaluating pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata) morphotypes cultivated in Cameroon. A prospective survey was undertaken to sample the knowhow of peasants on the management of pumpkin, followed by an agromorphological, chemical and biochemical characterization in the West (O), Centre (C) and East (E) Regions. The survey revealed that pumpkin is mainly cultivated by women, and that about 20% is grown in association with other crops like maize, cassava and groundnuts. A total of 27 morphotypes were collection from the three regions. The most cultivated morphotypes, C2, C4, C5, E1, E2, E4, O2, O4 and O5 are equally the most consumed by the sampled populations. Principal components analysis on 10 variables revealed a variation between individuals. A positive correlation (r = 0.43; P> 0.05) was observed between fruit weight and grain number. Ascendant hierarchical classification (CAH) helped to produce a dendrogramme which groups morphotypes into three statistically homogenous classes at a distance of R2= 0.62. Analysis of chemical and biochemical constituents revealed no significant difference between the groups of morphotypes for all parameters (P <0.05) except for sodium and total sugars. These results constitute ground work for selection and improvement of Cucurbita species in Cameroon. Abstract Full Text (PDF) [Epub] Full Text (HTML)