Figure 2. Distribution of hypothetical colorimeter adjustments centred on a single optimal chromaticity with a bivariate normal probability density. The optimal chromaticity is at the origin and the axes show the departure from optimum in units of u’ and v’. The separation of any two points averages 0.036. The standard deviation of the points, σ, is therefore 0.036/√π = 0.020

From

The Repeatability of Colorimetry is Precise(ly) as Expected

Amelia Aldrich, Rupal Lovell-Patel, Peter Allen, Arnold Wilkins

Neuro-Ophthalmology & Visual Neuroscience. 2018, 3(1), 1-6 doi:10.12691/novn-3-1-1