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From
Characteristics, Source Area-weathering, Sedimentary Processes, Tectonic Setting and Taxonomy of Vertisols Developed on Alluvial Sediments in the Benue Trough of North Cameroon
Primus Azinwi Tamfuh, Jean Pierre Temga, Emile Temgoua, Emmanuel Djoufac Woumfo, Philemon Zo'o Zame, Milan Stafford Tchouatcha, Georges Martial Ndzana, Dieudonné Bitom, Veronique Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala
Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics
.
2022
, 10(1), 1-17 doi:10.12691/jgg-10-1-1
Figure 1.
Location and
Geology of the studied area. (a) Map of Africa locating North Cameroon; (b) Map of North Cameroon locating the Benue Trough; (c) Geological map of the Benue Trough (modified from [21]) and position of pits
Full size figure and legend
Figure 2
.
Morphological view of three Vertisol profiles (P
1
, P
3
and P
5
) studied in the Benue Basin of North Cameroon
Full size figure and legend
Figure 3.
X-ray diffraction patterns of Vertisol horizons from Garoua (P
1
), Bounguel (P
3
) and Karewa (P
5
). (S = smectite; = Kaolinite; IL = Illite; IM= Ilmenite; F = Feldspar; G = Goethite; Q = Quartz)
Full size figure and legend
Figure 4.
X-ray diffraction of the A1 horizon (0-30 cm) from the Benue Basin Vertisols after treatment with ethylene glycol (S= smectite; K= kaolinite; I = Illite)
Full size figure and legend
Figure 5.
Triangular diagrams of geochemical data. (a) SiO
2
-Al
2
O
3
-Fe
2
O
3
triangular plot of the Vertisols; (b) Al
2
O
3
-(CaO*+Na
2
O)-K
2
O (A–CN–K) triangular diagram illustrating the degree of chemical weathering in reference to [29]
Full size figure and legend
Figure 6.
Tectonic setting discrimination diagrams of the Vertisols of the Benue Floodplain. Chart (a) is from [34]; (b) from [35]; (c) from [36] and (d) from [58]. DF1: discrimination function 1; DF2: discrimination function 2 (DF1(Arc-Rift-Collision)=(0.608ln(TiO
2
/SiO
2
)(-1.854xln(Al
2
O
3
/SiO
2
) +(0.299ln(Fe
2
O
3
/SiO
2
)+(-0.550ln(MnO/SiO
2
)+(0.120ln(MgO/SiO
2
)+(0.194ln(CaO/SiO
2
)+(-1.510ln(Na
2
O/SiO
2
)+(1.94ln(K
2
O/SiO
2
)+(0.003ln(P
2
O5/SiO
2
) + 0.294; DF2(Arc-Rift-Collision) = (-0.554ln(TiO
2
/SiO
2
)+(-0.995ln(Al
2
O
3
/SiO
2
)+(1.765ln(Fe
2
O
3
/SiO
2
) + (-1.391ln(MnO/SiO
2
) + (-1.034ln(MgO/SiO
2
) + (0.225ln(CaO/SiO
2
)+(0.713ln(Na
2
O/SiO
2
)+(0.330 ln(K
2
O/SiO
2
)+(-0.637ln(P
2
O
5
/SiO
2
)-3.631. A: Oceanic Island; B: Continental Island Arc; C: Active Continental Margin; D: Passive Margin)
Full size figure and legend
Figure 7.
Proportions of grain shapes in the studied Vertisol samples for different localities in the Benue Basin of North Cameroon
Full size figure and legend
Figure 8.
Composition and distribution of heavy minerals in the different Vertisol profiles
Full size figure and legend
Figure 9.
Plot of the studied Vertisols on Herron’s diagram [55]
Full size figure and legend