Figure 6. Representative histopathology of liver tissue. (H&E stain, 50 µm) (A) Control group: Intact hepatic lobular architecture with orderly hepatic cords; occasional small vacuolar swelling of hepatocytes near the central vein (CV).(B) Liver injury group: Severe hepatocyte swelling and disruption of hepatic cords; large lipid droplets displaced nuclei to the cell periphery.(C) Test group (fermented lemon extract): Marked improvement with reduced hepatocyte swelling and restoration of hepatic cords; only small to moderate lipid droplets remained.(D) Positive control group (silymarin): Clear improvement in hepatic structure and reduced swelling, though some localized vacuolar lipid droplets persisted around the portal vein (PV) : Anti-NAFLD Effect of SCFAs-rich Fermented Lemon by- product in Mice fed a High-Fat Diet : Science and Education Publishing

Figure 6. Representative histopathology of liver tissue. (H&E stain, 50 µm) (A) Control group: Intact hepatic lobular architecture with orderly hepatic cords; occasional small vacuolar swelling of hepatocytes near the central vein (CV).(B) Liver injury group: Severe hepatocyte swelling and disruption of hepatic cords; large lipid droplets displaced nuclei to the cell periphery.(C) Test group (fermented lemon extract): Marked improvement with reduced hepatocyte swelling and restoration of hepatic cords; only small to moderate lipid droplets remained.(D) Positive control group (silymarin): Clear improvement in hepatic structure and reduced swelling, though some localized vacuolar lipid droplets persisted around the portal vein (PV)

Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2026, 14(2), 45-53 doi:10.12691/jfnr-14-2-1