Figures index : Time-dependent Toxic Effect and Distribution of Silver Nanoparticles Compared to Silver Nitrate after Intratracheal Instillation in Rats : Science and Education Publishing

Figures index

American Journal of Nanomaterials. 2016, 4(1), 12-19 doi:10.12691/ajn-4-1-3

Figure 1. Representative TEM image (250.000X magnification) of PVP-AgNPs. AgNPs were suspended in BSA 1% and sonicated for 30 min. A drop was placed onto a collodion membrane-attached sheet mesh (150-A) and dried at room temperature. AgNPs are spherical and approximately 50–90 nm in diameter

Figure 2. Dose-dependent effect of AgNPs compared to AgNO₃ on inflammation and cytotoxic markers in BALF samples. Lungs were lavaged after 24 h of single intratracheal instillations of 25, 50 and 100 µg Ag/rat. (A) Neutrophils ratio (%), (B) LDH activity, (C) ALP activity, (D) βG activity, (E) IL-1β and (F) IL-18 concentrations. The results are shown as mean ± SD., n=4 for each group. (*) represented the significant difference from control group. (#) showed the significant difference from the corresponding AgNO₃-treated group

Figure 3. Time-dependent effect of AgNPs compared to AgNO₃ on inflammation and cytotoxic markers in BALF samples. BALF samples were collected 24 h, 14 days and 28 days after 100 µg Ag/rat exposure. (A) Neutrophils ratio (%), (B) LDH activity, (C) ALP activity, (D) βG activity, (E) IL-1β and (F) IL-18 concentrations. The results are shown as mean ± SD., n=4 for each group, (*) represented the significant difference from control group, (#) showed the significant difference from the corresponding AgNO₃-treated group

Figure 4. Representative BALF cells image after intratracheal instillation of AgNPs (100 µg/rat) after 28 days of instillation. Black arrows show alveolar macrophages with internalized PVP-AgNPs

Figure 5. Lung tissues after 28 days of instillation of 100 µg Ag/rat. Panel (C) shows persistence of clear focal inflammation in the AgNPs-treated group (B) recovery of the AgNO₃-treated group compared to panel (A), which shows the normal tissue of control group

Figure 6. Histopathology of lung tissues (H&E staining). (A and B) show lung tissue of control group after 24 h and 28 days respectively with normal histological architecture, and normal intrapulmonary bronchioles, 4x. (C) Lung tissue of AgNO₃-treated group after 24 h shows acute pneumonia where active hyperemia of interstitial capillaries and marked neutrophilic recruitment alveoli (arrow), 10x. (D) Lung tissue of AgNO₃-treated group after 28 days shows normal pulmonary alveoli and normal intrapulmonary bronchioles, 4x. (E) Lung tissue of AgNPs-treated group after 24 h shows marked diffuse thickening in interstitial tissue with eosinophilic (arrow) and histiocytic infiltration and fibroblastic proliferation, 10x. (F) Lung tissue of AgNPs-treated group after 28 days shows focal recruitment of eosinophils (arrows) and histiocytic replacing pulmonary tissue, 10x

Figure 7. Hypothesis illustrated the events that were induced by AgNPs compared to Ag ions after 24 h, 14 and 28 days