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Modal Analysis of Titan Cantilever Beam Using ANSYS and SolidWorks
Pavol Lengvarský1,
, Jozef Bocko1, Martin Hagara1
1Department of Applied Mechanics and Mechatronics, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
Abstract
In this paper are given basic steps of the modal analysis simulation. The modal analysis is carried out on the titan cantilever beam. The cantilever beam is designed in the graphical environment of the ANSYS and SolidWorks. The cantilever beam was fixed on one end and all degrees of freedom on this end were taken, beam cannot move and rotate. Mode shapes and natural frequencies are computed in programs ANSYS and SolidWorks with numerical formulation of the direct solver including the block Lanczos method.
At a glance: Figures
Keywords: cantilever beam, ANSYS, SolidWorks, modal analysis, mesh
American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013 1 (7),
pp 271-275.
DOI: 10.12691/ajme-1-7-24
Received October 08, 2013; Revised October 17, 2013; Accepted November 07, 2013
Copyright © 2013 Science and Education Publishing. All Rights Reserved.Cite this article:
- Lengvarský, Pavol, Jozef Bocko, and Martin Hagara. "Modal Analysis of Titan Cantilever Beam Using ANSYS and SolidWorks." American Journal of Mechanical Engineering 1.7 (2013): 271-275.
- Lengvarský, P. , Bocko, J. , & Hagara, M. (2013). Modal Analysis of Titan Cantilever Beam Using ANSYS and SolidWorks. American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 1(7), 271-275.
- Lengvarský, Pavol, Jozef Bocko, and Martin Hagara. "Modal Analysis of Titan Cantilever Beam Using ANSYS and SolidWorks." American Journal of Mechanical Engineering 1, no. 7 (2013): 271-275.
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1. Introduction
The modal analysis deals with the dynamics behavior of mechanical structures under the dynamics excitation. The modal analysis helps to reduce the noise emitted from the system to the environment. It helps to point out the reasons of vibrations that cause damage of the integrity of system components. Using it, we can improve the overall performance of the system in certain operating conditions. We know two basic methods of the modal analysis, namely the numerical modal analysis and the experimental modal analysis. The experimental modal analysis deals with measurement input data from which a mathematical model is derived. However, it has to take different levels of analysis, from which the model is constructed. The main part of this analysis consists of determining the curve FRF [1].
2. Cantilever Beam
In Figure 1 is shown design of the cantilever beam with its dimensions. It is made of Titanium alloy: Ti - 5Al - 2.5SN, with material properties E=1.103e11 Pa, μ=0.31, ρ=4480 kg/m3, Rm=861e6 Pa, Re=827e6 Pa.
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The modal analysis for the cantilever beam Figure 1. is executed by ANSYS Workbench Figure 2.
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2.1.1. ANSYS
ANSYS is universal software, which is used on simulation of the interactions in physics structures, vibration, fluid dynamics, thermal transfer and electromechanics for engineers [7].
We can simulate with ANSYS structures and then test them in the virtual environment.
ANSYS can import CAD data and sketch of the geometry. ANSYS Workbench is a platform, which integrates simulation technologies and parametric CAD systems with unique automation and performance [7].
2.1.2. Boundary Condition
The material properties are assigned to the beam and boundary conditions are defined. The beam’s all degrees of freedom on surface are taken. They are denoted with the blue flag Figure 2. This condition prevents the movement of the surface in a space.
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Mesh on the beam is generated automatically by ANSYS, while is used the spatial element SOLID187 Figure 4. The element is defined by 10 nodes while each node has three degrees of freedom. The SOLID187 has a quadratic shifting behavior and is suitable for modeling of the finite element irregular mesh.
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Larger image(png format)The maximum size of the element is 5 mm. The mesh in Figure 5. is created of 3200 elements and of 22459 nodes.
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Larger image(png format)2.1.4. Analysis of Cantilever Beam
We can influence computational time of the analysis, when a range of frequencies or number of mode shapes is specified. The type of solver and the solution method in program ANSYS is selected automatically. For this modal analysis the direct solver including the block Lanczos method is used. The first five mode shapes are shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10 and the first five natural frequencies are shown in Table 1.
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Larger image(png format)The modal analysis for the cantilever beam Figure 1 is executed by SolidWorks Figure 11.
2.2.1 SolidWorks
The SolidWorks is engineering 3D CAD software for Microsoft Windows. It has three degrees of function for the needs of organizations. The SolidWorks Standard is suitable for fast modeling, design in 2D and in 3D. The SolidWorks Professional is the superstructure of SolidWorks Standard. It improves of the efficiency and innovating with solutions that are used by millions of designers. It contains additional extension modules as Animator, PhotoWorks, etc. The SolidWorks Premium is the most comprehensive software. It combines the capabilities of the SolidWorks Professional with simulations. The Part of the SolidWorks Professional is the SolidWorks Simulation, which provides basic simulation tools for testing stress, strain, analyzing the kinematics, dynamics and it simulations conditions of the real world [9].
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Larger image(png format)2.2.2. Boundary Condition
The material properties are assigned to the beam and boundary conditions are defined. The beam’s all degrees of freedom on surface are taken. They are denoted with the blue flag Figure 12. This condition prevents the movement of the surface in a space.
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Larger image(png format)2.2.3. Mesh of Finite Elements
Mesh on the beam is generated automatically by SolidWorks, while is used the spatial element SOLID187 Figure 3. The element is defined by 10 nodes while each node has three degrees of freedom at each node. The SOLID187 has a quadratic shifting behavior and is suitable for modeling of the finite element irregular mesh.
The maximum size of the element is 5 mm. The mesh in Figure 13 is created of 31358 elements and of 54977 nodes.
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Larger image(png format)2.2.4. Analysis of Cantilever Beam
The modal analysis is carried out by SolidWorks and mode shapes and natural frequencies are also calculated. For this modal analysis the direct solver including the block Lanczos method is used. The first five mode shapes are shown in Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17 Figure 18 and the first five natural frequencies are shown in Table 2.
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Larger image(png format)3. Conclusion
The model of the titan cantilever beam was modeled in the programs ANSYS and SolidWokrs. In both programs the equal mesh (SOLID187) was used, whereas in the ANSYS it was automatically generated regular in the SolidWorks it was automatically generated irregular. It has resulted in a larger number of elements and nodes and longer and more complex calculation. Then the modal analysis of the titan cantilever beam was executed and the first five mode shapes and their natural frequencies were computed. Mode shapes of the titan cantilever beam are identical for both programs. Natural frequencies are almost the same for both programs. Numerical deviations of natural frequencies were created by different arrangement of the finite element mesh, which was automatically generated by the program. The program ANSYS has better options of finite element mesh creating. In Figure 19 are shown details and modifications of finite element mesh, which was generated in the program ANSYS. In Figure 20 are shown possibilities of control and creation of finite element mesh.
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Larger image(png format)Acknowledgement
This article was created with support of VEGA grant projects VEGA 1/1205/12 Numerical modeling of mechatronic systems and VEGA 1/0937/12: The development of non-traditional experimental methods for mechanical and mechatronic systems.
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