1. Introduction

The record values were introduced by ^[1]. Suppose that is a sequence of independent and identically distributed random variables with common distribution function and common probability density function . Set for . We say is a lower (upper) record values of this sequence if for . By definition is a lower as well as upper record values and with denote the times of lower record values.

Record values are found in many situations of daily life as well as in many statistical applications. Often we are interested in observing new records, e.g. Olympic records. It is also useful in reliability theory, meteorology, hydrology, seismology, mining. For a more specific example, consider the situation of testing the breaking strength of wooden beams as described by ^[2].

For comprehensive accounts of the theory and applications of record values, we refer the readers to ^{[3, 4, 5, 6]}.

2. Objective

Characterizing the distributions via their record statistics has a long history. For excellent review one may refer to [7-15]^[7] amongst others.

The aim of this paper is to characterize a general class of distributions via the contrast of the conditional expectation of function of lower record statistics, conditioned on non-adjacent lower record statistics.

3. Method

Let be the first lower record statistics from a population whose probability density function is and the distribution function is. Let Then the of ,is

(3.1)

and the joint of two lower records and, , is

(3.2)

where .

Then the conditional of given is

(3.3)

4. Characterization Result

Theorem: Let be an absolutely continuous random variable with the and the on the support, where and may be finite or infinite. Then for

(4.1)

if and only if

(4.2)

where are real numbers satisfying , for some and is a non-increasing and differentiable function of such that is a .

Proof: First we will prove (4.2) implies (4.1). We have from ^[14] for

Therefore,

(4.3)

hence the ‘if’ part.

To prove the sufficiency part, we have

(4.4)

or,

(4.5)

Integrating left hand side of (4.5) by parts, we get

(4.6)

That is,

(4.7)

Now from (3.3), we have

Therefore,

(4.8)

Comparing (4.7) and (4.8), we get

implying

and hence the Theorem.

Remark: Putting and in Theorem , we get the characterizing result as obtained by ^[14].

Table 4.1. Examples based on the distribution function F(x)=e^-ah(x), a>0

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5. Discussion

The purpose of this paper was to characterize a general classs of probability distribution through the conditional expectation based on lower record statistics conditioned on non-adjacent lower record statistics using the contrast technique. We hope that findings of this paper will useful for the researcher in various fields. Further advancement of research in distribution theory, lower record theory and their application.

References

[1]	K.N. Chandler (1952). The distribution and frequency of record values. Journal of Royal Society. B14, 220-228.
	In article
[2]	Glick, N. (1978). Breaking record and breaking boards. American Mathematical Monthly, 85, 2-26.
	In article		CrossRef
[3]	Ahsanullah, M. (1995). Record Statistics. Nova Science Publishers, New York.
	In article		PubMed
[4]	Arnold, B. C., Balakrishnan, N. and Nagaraja, H. N. (1998). Record . Johan Wiley and Sons, New York.
	In article		CrossRef
[5]	Ahsanullah, M. (2004). Record Values-Theory and Applications.University Press of America, New York.
	In article
[6]	Ahsanullah, M. and Raqab, M. Z. (2006). Bounds and Characterizations of Record Statistics. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York.
	In article
[7]	Malinowska, I. and Szynal, D. (2008). On characterization of certain dis-tributions of kth lower (upper) record values. Applied Mathematics Computation, 202, 338-347.
	In article		CrossRef
[8]	Shawky, A. I. and Bakoban, R. A. (2008). Characterization from exponentiated gamma distributions based on record values. Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications, 7, 263-277.
	In article
[9]	Shawky, A. I. and Bakoban, R. A. (2009). Conditional expectation of certain distributions of record values. International Journal of Mathematical Analysis, 3 (17), 829-838.
	In article
[10]	Shawky, A. I. and Abu-Zinadah, H. H. (2006). General recurrence relations and characterizations of certain distributions based on record values. Journal of Approximation Theory and Applications, 2, 149-159.
	In article
[11]	Shawky, A. I. and Abu-Zinadah, H. H. (2008a). Characterization of the exponentiated Pareto distribution based on record values. Applied Mathematical Sciences, 2, 1283-1290.
	In article
[12]	Shawky, A. I. and Abu-Zinadah, H. H. (2008b). General recurrence relations and characterizations of certain distributions based on record statistics. Journal of Statistical Theory and Applications, 7, 93-117.
	In article
[13]	Wu, J.W. and Lee, W. C. (2001): On characterizations of generalized extreme values, power function, generalized Pareto and classical Pareto distributions by conditional expectation of record values. Statistical Papers, 42, 225-242.
	In article		CrossRef
[14]	Faizan, M. and Khan, M. I.(2011). A characterization of continuous distributions through lower record statistics. ProabStat Forum, 4, 39-43.
	In article
[15]	Nadarajah, S., Teimouri, M. and Shih, S.H. (2012). Characterizations of the Weibull and Uniform distributions using record values. Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics. (To appear).
	In article