Table 1. Some of existing functions to calculate vertical temperature gradient (VTG)

From

Updated Atmospheric Modelling of Refracted Zenith Angle Using Vertical Temperature Gradient for Refraction Coefficient

Mansoor Sabzali, Lloyd Pilgrim

Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2023, 11(1), 11-20 doi:10.12691/jgg-11-1-2