Table 2b. Serum levels of alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the different groups. The cadmium-exposed rats had significantly increased levels of all measured biochemical parameters. No significant differences were recorded in the lutein group compared to the control group. In the group of rats exposed to cadmium and administered with lutein, the biochemical parameters displayed improvements toward the control levels and were significantly decreased compared to the cadmium-exposed rats : The Antioxidant Properties of Lutein Efficiently Mitigate the Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress through Restoring the Oxidant: Antioxidant Balance and Enhancing the Total Antioxidative Capacity in Wistar Rats : Science and Education Publishing

Table 2b. Serum levels of alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the different groups. The cadmium-exposed rats had significantly increased levels of all measured biochemical parameters. No significant differences were recorded in the lutein group compared to the control group. In the group of rats exposed to cadmium and administered with lutein, the biochemical parameters displayed improvements toward the control levels and were significantly decreased compared to the cadmium-exposed rats

Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2025, 13(3), 163-171 doi:10.12691/jfnr-13-3-6