Table 3. Levels of total thiols, glutathione (GSH), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the tissue homogenates of different groups. The levels of total thiols, GSH, catalase, and TAC were significantly decreased in the tissue homogenates of cadmium-exposed rats compared to untreated control rats. MDA and H2O2 levels were significantly increased in the tissue homogenates of cadmium-exposed rats compared to untreated control rats. Lutein-treated rats showed no significant differences compared to untreated control rats. The estimated biochemical parameters in tissue homogenates of rats exposed to cadmium and administered with lutein demonstrated improvements toward the control levels and were significantly different compared to those measured in the cadmium-exposed rats

From

The Antioxidant Properties of Lutein Efficiently Mitigate the Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Stress through Restoring the Oxidant: Antioxidant Balance and Enhancing the Total Antioxidative Capacity in Wistar Rats

Mohammed Mubarak, Mohammed Al-Zharani, Hassan Rudayni, Eman AlmuqriShaikha A. Albatli, Saad Alkahtani, Fahd A. Nasr, Amin A. Al-Doaiss, Mohammed S. Al-eissa

Journal of Food and Nutrition Research. 2025, 13(3), 163-171 doi:10.12691/jfnr-13-3-6