Figure 3. The effects of lycopene on the immunohistochemical localization of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) protein expression of different groups at the end of 16 weeks. A, higher power view of the control liver showing negative reactivity for TNF-α in the peri-venular area (red arrow); B, lycopene 20 mg-only treated liver tissue view showing negative cytoplasmic reactivity for TNF-α in the peri-venular area (red arrow); C, diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-treated liver tissue showing severe cytoplasmic reactivity for TNF-α (red arrow); D, lycopene 5 mg-DEN-treated liver tissue showing marked cytoplasmic reactivity for TNF-α in the peri-venular area (red arrow); E, lycopene 10 mg-DEN-treated group showing moderately cytoplasmic reactivity for TNF-α (red arrow); F, lycopene 20 mg-DEN-treated liver tissue showing weak cytoplasmic reactivity for TNF-α (red arrow); cv, central vein. G, show a semi-quantitative analysis of the relative intensity of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) protein expression of different groups at the end of 16 weeks. The relative expression level (% control) was quantitated by measuring the intensity value using image J software (NIH). Columns not sharing common letters are significantly different (P<0.05). DEN, diethylnitrosamine; L, lycopene

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Ameliorative Effects of Lycopene on Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Male Rats

Ahmed Mohamed Mokhtar, Mohamed Fathy Elshafee, Ahmed Mohamed Mansour, El-Sayed Mohamed El-Sayed

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