Figure 18. The possible evolution sequence of the Hoag’s object from a to e. a: CGCG 119-82, b: NGC 1291, c: NGC 6028, d: Hoag’s object, e: J084119.22+271036.2

From

Spirals and Rings in Barred Galaxies by the ROTASE Model

Hongjun Pan

International Journal of Physics. 2021, 9(6), 286-307 doi:10.12691/ijp-9-6-5