Figure 11. First row are the 4 original images of galaxies with single spiral-ring patterns: a: unknown-name ring 1 from reference [24], b: unknown-name ring 2 from reference [24], c: ESO 325-28; d: NGC 2273. Second row are the images with simulations by the ROTASE model for each related original galaxies in the first row, e: ρ = 0.5, Euler(6,0,0); f: ρ = 0.5, Euler(-25,40, 55); g: ESO 325-28, ρ = 0.65; h: NGC 2273, ρ = 0.6, Euler (-43, 57, 80)

From

Spirals and Rings in Barred Galaxies by the ROTASE Model

Hongjun Pan

International Journal of Physics. 2021, 9(6), 286-307 doi:10.12691/ijp-9-6-5