Figure 1. The characteristics of the virtual particles pair created by a charged quantum entity: variant (a) – the quantum entity has a negative charge, variant (b) – the quantum entity has a positive charge. is spin, is the projection of spin on the direction of velocity u, is the angle between u and , is the electric dipole moment

From

The Theory of Virtual Particles as an Alternative to Special Relativity

Liudmila B. Boldyreva

International Journal of Physics. 2017, 5(4), 141-146 doi:10.12691/ijp-5-4-6