Nawfal A. A. Zakarea

Department of Conservative Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Mosul

Talal H. Mohamad

Department of Conservative Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Mosul

Amer A. Taqa

Department of Basic Science, College of Dentistry University of Mosul

Scott Chumbley

Collage of engineering Materials Science and engineering Department, Iowa State University, USA

Salih Al-Juaid

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz Univesity, Saudi Arabia

Hanan Balto

Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Dental Caries Research Chair, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia